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ARCH 655 Project 2

ARCH 655 Project 2

1. Project Objective

This project aims to find the optimal window to wall ratio and the number of facade shadings that meets LEED version 4 daylighting criteria. The target model is Lotte World Tower created in Project 1.


2. Geometry Decision for Daylighting Analysis

I decided to analyze daylighting for a single floor to reduce the computational cost for the simulation. The indoor area of the 10th floor was chosen for daylighting analysis. 


Windows are (as shown below figure) curtain panel styles and built on the surface of the outside wall.



These are the outside walls and facade shadings for daylighting analysis.


3. Parametric Modeling

The first step is to create floors.



 Once the floors, walls, and shadings are ready, I linked them to the Honeybee zone identifier.
And add windows to walls and set transmittance factor to windows. I used 60% transmittance for windows.






Then, I created grids on the 10th floor for daylighting analysis and run the simulation.





4. Genetic Algorithm Application

The Genetic Algorithm (GA) was used to find an optimal window to wall ratio and the number of facade shadings that meets LEED version 4 criteria. LEED defines that spatial daylight autonomy (sDA) should be over 75%. The sDA describes how much of space receives sufficient daylight. Specifically, it describes the percentage of floor area that receives at least 300 lux for at least 75% of the annual occupied hours. Also, LEED defines that annual sunlight exposure (ASE) should be below 10%. The ASE describes how much of space receives too much direct sunlight, which can cause visual discomfort (glare) or increase cooling loads. Specifically, ASE measures the percentage of floor area that receives at least 1000 lux for at least 250 occupied hours per year.

Due to the computation cost, the daylighting analysis was conducted on a single day (instead of a year-round) and a specific time (June 21st, 1pm) in Seoul, South Korea.

Sliders for windows to wall ratio and the number of facade shadings were chosen for the genomes of GA. The target of GA is to maximize sDA/ASE because lower ASE and higher sDA are recommended by LEED criteria.






The final results that optimize the daylighting were shown here. Windows to wall ratio was set to be 85.9%.


Visualization of optimal windows to wall ratio.



The number of horizontal facade shadings was set to be 26 according to the result of GA.


Visualization of the optimal number of facade shadings.



Visualization of final daylighting (illuminance) simulation results.


GA results showed that the best daylighting performances are 17.5% ASE and 71.6% sDA.
Based on given Genom settings, this model couldn't meet LEED criteria.







5. Video Presentation










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